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dracaena marginata family

dracaena marginata family Large Dracaena Marginata Red Dragon'

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Description

dracaena marginata family Large Dracaena Marginata Red Dragon'Description You'll love the warmth that Dracaena Marginata 'Red Dragon' brings into your home. Those beautiful arching leaves with stunning red edges create the perfect pop of color, while growing at just the right pace, so you dont feel overwhelmed. Also known as the Madagascar Dragon Tree, the adaptable plant can handle your busy lifestyle beautifully. It handles irregular watering like a champ and adapts to various light conditions beautifully,

Description

You'll love the warmth that Dracaena Marginata 'Red Dragon' brings into your home. Those beautiful arching leaves with stunning red edges create the perfect pop of color, while growing at just the right pace, so you don’t feel overwhelmed.


Also known as the Madagascar Dragon Tree, the adaptable plant can handle your busy lifestyle beautifully. It handles irregular watering like a champ and adapts to various light conditions beautifully, developing into a statement-making tree that will impress any guests. 


Care 

Should a Dragon Tree be inside or outside? 

Your Dracaena Marginata 'Red Dragon' is definitely an indoor plant at heart! It loves the controlled temperatures of your home over the unpredictable outdoor world. That said, it enjoys brief summer vacations outside when temperatures stay above 59°F (15°C).


Just keep it in a protected spot away from direct midday sun, and bring it back inside before temperatures drop. Think of it as your plant companion who occasionally enjoys a gentle outdoor adventure but always wants to come home to you!


How do you care for the Dracaena Marginata ‘Red Dragon’ indoors?

To give your red-edged Dracaena the best possible life indoors, place it in bright, indirect light where it can show off those gorgeous leaves. Water it when the top half feels dry, and it'll reward you beautifully.


Plant in well-draining soil with some peat moss mixed in - nothing fancy needed. It's comfortable with normal home humidity but appreciates the occasional mist, especially if your home runs dry. Keep temperatures between 65-75°F (18-24°C) and avoid cold drafts. 


How often should I water my Dracaena Marginata ‘Red Dragon’?

Water your Dracaena Marginata every 2-3 weeks, letting the top half of soil dry completely between waterings. During spring and summer growing season, it might appreciate slightly more frequent drinks, while winter definitely calls for extra patience.


How much light does a Dragon Tree need?

Your Dracaena Marginata 'Red Dragon' thrives in bright, indirect light to really show off those stunning red edges. Think gentle, dappled sunshine or a few feet back from a bright window - the perfect lighting for admiring its beauty.


While it'll tolerate partial shade (it's accommodating like that), too little light means slower growth and less vibrant color in those signature red margins. East-facing windows are ideal, but it adapts to most lighting situations like the easygoing companion it is.


Where is the best place to put a Dracaena Marginata ‘Red Dragon’?

Your Dracaena Marginata 'Red Dragon' will be happiest in a spot with bright, indirect light - think east-facing windows or anywhere with gentle, filtered sunshine. It wants to showcase those beautiful red edges without getting harsh, damaging sunburn exposure.


Keep it away from direct harsh sun and cold drafts (it appreciates consistency just like we do!). Whether it's adding life to your living room or bringing natural beauty to your office, it'll thrive as long as it can avoid extreme temperature changes.


Can Dracaena Marginata ‘Red Dragon’ get too much sun?

Yes, your Dracaena Marginata 'Red Dragon' can definitely get too much sun! Those beautiful leaves will develop unsightly brown tips or fade significantly if exposed to harsh direct sunlight - relocate to a much gentler, safer spot right away.


Should you mist a Dragon Tree?

Misting your Dracaena Marginata 'Red Dragon' is like offering it a refreshing tropical treat. While not absolutely necessary with average home humidity, an occasional gentle mist helps it feel perfectly right at home in its own little Madagascar paradise.


Think of it as a gentle spa treatment rather than essential care - it appreciates the gesture in dry environments or during winter when heating systems dry out the air. For extra humidity benefits, group it with other plants or place on a pebble tray with water.


Can Dracaena Marginata ‘Red Dragon’ survive in low-light conditions?

Your Dracaena Marginata will absolutely survive in low-light conditions, maintaining its beautiful form even when the spotlight isn't directly on it. While it grows faster and develops more vibrant red edges in brighter spots, it'll still thrive in shadier corners.


Growth might slow down and colors may be slightly less intense, but it'll keep that striking architectural beauty that made you fall in love with it in the first place.


What is the best fertilizer for Dracaena Marginata Red Dragon?

Your Dracaena Marginata 'Red Dragon' thrives with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer like 10-10-10 during spring and summer growing season. Always dilute to half strength and feed every two weeks to avoid overwhelming those beautiful roots with excess nutrients.


In autumn and winter, reduce feeding to once a month or stop altogether since growth naturally slows down. We love how forgiving this plant is - even if you forget to fertilize occasionally, it won't hold it against you!


How do I know which of the Dracaena types I have?

You can identify your Dracaena Marginata 'Red Dragon' by looking for those distinctive long, narrow leaves with gorgeous red or burgundy edges along the margins. The woody stem and sword-like leaf shape are classic Marginata characteristics that set it apart.


Other Dracaena varieties have different patterns - 'Colorama' shows pink, white, and green stripes, while 'Tricolor' displays green, yellow, and red bands. If your plant has solid green leaves with just those beautiful red edges, you've got the classic Red Dragon variety!


Do you water the Dracaena Marginata ‘Red Dragon’ from the top or the bottom?

Top watering works best for your Dracaena Marginata 'Red Dragon' because it helps flush out salt buildup that these plants are particularly sensitive to. Pour water slowly and steadily until it drains freely from the bottom drainage holes.


Always empty the saucer after watering to prevent those roots from sitting in standing water. If possible, use distilled or rainwater to avoid fluoride buildup, which can cause brown leaf tips. Your plant will thank you for this extra care!



Is Dracaena Marginata ‘Red Dragon’ high maintenance?

Your Dracaena Marginata 'Red Dragon' is wonderfully low-maintenance as well as forgiving, making it perfect for busy plant parents. It can handle irregular watering beautifully and it adapts to various light conditions with minimal fuss and care requirements.


We love recommending this plant to beginners because it's so resilient and understanding. It won't sulk if you forget to water it for a week or two, and it adapts to different lighting situations like the easygoing companion it is.


Pet-friendly?

The Dracaena Marginata 'Red Dragon' isn't safe for your furry family members. It contains compounds called saponins that are mildly to moderately toxic when eaten.

Is the Dracaena Marginata safe for dogs?

Unfortunately, your Dracaena Marginata 'Red Dragon' and your canine companion aren't the best match. If your curious dog decides to nibble those striking leaves, they might experience vomiting, diarrhea, drooling, or weakness - not the kind of excitement anyone wants.


Symptoms are usually mild unless your pup really goes to town on the plant, but it's best to keep this beauty out of reach. If you catch your dog sampling, it's worth calling the vet just to be safe. We recommend creating a safe boundary between your dog and this stunning plant.


Is the Dracaena Marginata poisonous to cats?

Your feline friend and this beautiful Dracaena Marginata 'Red Dragon' need some clear boundaries! If your cat becomes a plant nibbler, watch for vomiting, drooling, loss of appetite, dilated pupils, and lethargy— head to the vet. 


Factoids

What are the different types of Dragon Tree? 

The Dracaena Marginata family is like a wonderful plant collection, each member with their own special character! The 'Colorama' variety shows off with pink, white, and green striped leaves, while 'Magenta' displays green leaves with show-stopping magenta-red edges.


For something more substantial, 'Tarzan' brings wider, sturdier leaves to your space. The 'Tricolor' is particularly special, sporting green leaves with white and pink bands. Beyond the Dracaena Marginata varieties, you'll find cousins like the Canary Islands dragon tree - the extended family is just as wonderful.


How does the Dracaena Marginata ‘Red Dragon’ get its name?

The name comes from the Greek word 'drakaina' meaning 'female dragon,' while 'marginata' refers to those beautiful distinctive leaf margins. The 'Red Dragon' variety gets its name from those striking red edges and overall mythical, dragon-like appearance.


Historically, some Dracaena species produce a red resin called "dragon's blood" that was used for dyes and medicines. The combination of the exotic, almost mystical look and those fiery red leaf edges makes the dragon connection feel perfectly natural!


Does a Dracaena plant purify air? 

Your Dracaena Marginata isn't just beautiful - it's working quietly behind the scenes as part of your clean-air team! NASA's Clean Air Study found these plants help remove indoor toxins like formaldehyde, benzene, and xylene from your air.


Don't expect miracle-level purification from just one plant, though. The real-world effect is modest unless you're creating your own indoor jungle (which honestly sounds delightful!). Think of air purification as a wonderful bonus feature rather than its main job - it's already stunning enough just being itself!


Do Dracaena like bathrooms? 

Your Dracaena Marginata 'Red Dragon' absolutely loves spa-like bathroom conditions! Bathrooms with decent indirect light are like luxury retreats for these humidity-loving plants. They'll soak up all that shower steam like you’ve booked them in for a five-star treatment.


What is the life span of a Dracaena plant?

Your Dracaena Marginata 'Red Dragon' is in this for the long haul. These plants typically live 5-15 years indoors, but with loving care, they can stick around even longer, like that wonderful friend who's always there when you need them.


How long does it take a Dragon Tree to fully grow? 

Your Dracaena Marginata 'Red Dragon' isn't rushing anywhere; it's taking the scenic route through life! These slow-growing beauties take their sweet time, needing about 8-10 years to reach their full indoor height of around 6 feet (1.8 meters).


Buy a Dracaena Marginata

Looking for a plant companion that brings beauty and warmth to your home without demanding constant attention? Our Dracaena Marginata 'Red Dragon' arrives healthy and happy from our greenhouse, carefully delivered by one of our own team.

Want to see your exact plant before it comes home with you? Schedule a video shopping call where you can choose your perfect Madagascar Dragon Tree and get all your Dracaena Marginata care questions answered. We're here to support both you and your new plant companion every step of the way!

 

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SKU: 77444315624

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4.7 ★★★★★
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Eric G
San Leandro, US
★★★★★ 5
A great book for anyone interested in US foreign policy, history, or economics
Format: Hardcover
In July of 1944 representatives from forty-four nations gathered at the Mount Washington Hotel in Bretton Woods, NH to establish the rules for the post World War II international monetary system. Although nations from around the globe were at the table, the primary debate was between the United States and Great Britain. The U.S. was determined to advance a policy ensuring the dollar reigned supreme in world trade, thus guaranteeing American dominance. The British were holding out for a monetary system that would not relegate them to a secondary status after the war. Representing the two great nations were two men. For the U.S. it was a little-known economist working as an assistant to the Secretary of Treasury, Harry Dexter White, and representing the British was world-known economist John Maynard Keynes. Benn Steil examines the Bretton Woods conference, and the inter-war years leading up to it, using these two men as a backdrop. Not only is the work well researched, but as a senior fellow and director of international economics at the Council on Foreign Relations, Steil is eminently qualified to make economic judgements. Steil’s thoroughness and expertise combine to make an enjoyable read of what could otherwise be an exceptionally dry topic. The main argument Steil makes is that the dominance of dollar in the post WWII economy was a fait accompli at Bretton Woods. Mr. Steil introduces the reader to the relatively unknown Harry Dexter White, a minor player at the U.S. Treasury commanding great influence. Steil shows the reader that going into Bretton Woods, White and his boss, Treasury Secretary Henry Morgenthau, were committed to bringing President Roosevelt’s New Deal to the rest of the world. Part of this plan was to shift power not only from London, but from Wall Street as well, to the U.S. Treasury. White was convinced international banking had played a key role in creating the instability responsible for WWII. A new gold standard tied to the U.S. dollar would ensure stability in White’s view. Ultimately White’s ideas led to the creation of “the three so-called Bretton Woods institutions: the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Trade Organization (WTO), and the World Bank” (Steil, The Battle of Bretton Woods, 127). Adding intrigue to economics Steil also shows through declassified F.B.I. documents and recently discovered writings by White, that White was an agent of the Soviet Union. Keynes is often regarded as “the first-ever international celebrity economist” (Steil, The Battle of Bretton Woods, 3). While this may be true, he was no match for the little-known White. White (and Morgenthau) considered the British a threat on the economic stage and made sure their Lend-Lease terms would bankrupt the U.K. by the end of the war and bring them to the bargaining table. As well as being an interesting historical read, and a useful primer on international monetary policy, Steil captures the importance of economic policy in relation to foreign policy. Morgenthau and White realized the power of the U.S. to inflict its will upon other nations was rooted in the power of the dollar. Today as then, U.S. power flows from the economy. Students of modern U.S. foreign policy would be wise to have a basic understanding of U.S. economic policy and how the U.S. economy interacts in the global system.
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Reviewed in the United States on March 2, 2020
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Etienne RP
Port Orchard, US
★★★★★ 5
Hosting Diplomatic Conferences 101: The Case of Bretton Woods
Format: Paperback
Bretton Woods was the most important international gathering since the Paris Peace Conference of 1919. I read this book looking for clues on how to host international conferences: how to accommodate delegates, maintain protocol, overcome obstacles, build consensus, and reach a satisfying outcome. I was disappointed on that count. The Battle of Bretton Woods doesn’t focus on the Bretton Woods conference per se. It is a work of intellectual history built around the two characters of John Maynard Keynes and Harry Dexter White. It describes the way these two Treasury officials negotiated the main financial issues facing the United States and the United Kingdom during World War II and immediately after: the Lend-Lease Act of 1941 granting the British access to war finance and equipment; the blueprints for a postwar monetary order that began circulating in 1942 and ultimately culminated in the adoption of the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development at Bretton Woods; the signing of the $4.4 billion Anglo-American Financial Agreement in December 1945; and the inaugural meeting of the IMF board of governors in Savannah, Georgia, on March 8, 1946. It mixes these elements of diplomatic history with personal aspects of the lives of the two main characters: Keynes’s inflated ego and lack of diplomatic acumen that resulted in missed opportunities for Great Britain; and White’s dual personality as the braintrust of the US Treasury and as a mole operating clandestinely for the Soviets. To be sure, there are some useful indications on the Bretton Woods conference itself. It took place in the Mount Washington Hotel in New Hampshire, a luxury resort with striking views of the White Mountains. The organization itself was a mess: “everything is in a state of glorious confusion,” commented British economist Lionel Robbins, who added: “with all their virtues as technicians—and these are very great—the Americans are not good organizers of international conferences.” The conference took place in war time, and army bus and personnel brought the delegates in and out. Delegates were thrown out of the hotel on July 23 for fear they would reopen the discussion and have a closer look at the hastily agreed texts. The location itself owed a lot to domestic politics. US Treasury Secretary Henry Morgenthau wanted to court a local politician for future support of the agreement in the Senate, remembering the disastrous defeat of Wilson’s League of Nations in Congress after World War I. The press was also in attendance, and Bretton Woods became one of the first international conferences to be covered live by the media. Most of the delegates came from Ministries of Finance or central banks, and true diplomats—the ones hailing from Ministries of Foreign Affairs—were a rare occurrence. The US Treasury Department had willingly kept the State Department out of the loop, and considered the only senior diplomat present, Undersecretary of State Dean Acheson, as “one of them”. The conference was only the tip of the iceberg: everything was set in advance, during the two years when plans were circulated and drafts were discussed. The invitations were sent to forty-four nations, but the United States ran the show from start to finish, and even British delegates were relegated to a secondary role. Keynes, who had termed the Reconstruction Bank scheme imagined by White “the work of a lunatic,…some sort of bad joke,” was named chairman of the commission that drafted the Bank’s Articles of Agreement, while White himself dealt with the much more significant IMF. As for other nations, their input was limited to discussing the national quotas that would measure their relative power and influence at the boards of the two institutions or, in the case of the Cubans, to “providing the cigars”. White’s goal was to “channel the energy, aims, ambitions, and vanities of the mass of delegates into meaningless debate.” As an American organizer wily remarked, “there should be just one general rule: that anybody can talk as long as he pleases, provided he doesn’t say anything.” To make things even safer, the session secretaries were all Americans, appointed by White, and it was they who wrote the official minutes of the committees. Some important remarks made during sessions disappeared from the draft minutes, while crucial provisions were introduced surreptitiously in the final text versions. As an example, White’s technicians strategically replaced “gold” with “gold and dollars” in the paper describing the foundations of the postwar monetary order, a crucial modification that Keynes discovered only after his departure from Bretton Woods. The result was, in Keynes’s words, “the most monstrous monkey-house assembled for years.” The distinguished Cambridge don liked that expression, and indeed often referred to non-Anglo-saxons as monkeys, with a special mention to the French which he utterly despised. But the monkey-king in this diplomatic jungle was certainly Keynes himself. Long before Paul Krugman and Thomas Piketty, Keynes was the first-ever international celebrity economist. He was surrounded by an aura of awe and admiration, and the printed media craved for his every declarations. In Benn Steil’s rendering, he had “an effortless facility with words that might have made him a master diplomat, had he actually been more concerned with convincing opponents than with cornering them logically and humiliating them.” “The man is a menace for international relations,” remarked fellow British economist James Meade, who nonetheless revered him. He would make aggressive jokes on lawyers in front of American lawyers, show his contempt for other delegates by displaying his immense intellectual superiority, and try to steal the show by pretending the outcomes of negotiations were all due to his influence while in fact they ran counter to his prescriptions. His last speech in Savannah, where he metaphorically summoned spirits and fairies to bestow the newborn institutions with their gifts, was taken as a personal attack by the American delegate: “I do mind being called a fairy,” he muttered to his aide. If a statesman is to be judged by his capacity to serve the national interest, Keynes failed miserably in his attempt at statesmanship. This is not to say that he didn’t have Britain’s interest in mind. His visionary monetary schemes notwithstanding, he had ultimately come to the United States with the mission of conserving what he could of bankrupt Britain’s historic imperial prerogatives. As Schumpeter wrote, “Keynes’s advice was in the first instance always English advice, born of English problems.” Keynes was thoroughly British, and it was the British problems of his day that drove his theorizing: problems of deflation and depression, paying for war and surviving the perilous transition to peace. He had spent his career thinking about monetary issues as a way to preserve his country’s clout in the world. In particular, the shift of financial power from London to New York was a matter of constant concern for him. But he lacked the basic insight that the Americans did not share British national interests, and that they could even be rival powers on the international scene. Throughout the war, Keynes continuously overestimated American sympathies with Britain and underestimated the importance of public and congressional resistance to US aid or involvement. He thought of Bretton Woods as a battle of ideas, counting on his immense intellectual superiority to carry the day, whereas it was first and foremost a battle of power and influence, with the United States as the clear winner. Indeed, British and American interests were not identical, however much both peoples were dedicated to destroying Nazism. Henry White had a clear goal in Bretton Woods: to entrench the dollar as the world’s currency, and to make it “as good as gold”. He used the leverage provided by the Lend-Lease agreement and Britain’s quasi-bankrupt situation in order to put a permanent end to the pound sterling’s international role. This required dismantling the structural supports of the British empire. In particular, Americans sought to put an end to “imperial preference”, by which Britain secured privileged trade access to the markets of its colonies and dominions. There was no room in the new order for the remnants of British imperial glory: the postwar world needed to be grounded in nondiscriminatory multilateral trade and full monetary convertibility. The Americans never deviated from their hard-line geopolitical terms. Many held no particular sympathy for the British, who had “shamefully walked away from their Great War debt obligations,” and who were trying to extend their Empire’s lease of life by credit. At Bretton Woods, we see American power in full swing, and in particular the role of the US Treasury as the economic arm of American foreign policy. Contrary to the myth, Bretton Woods did not provide the economic foundation for postwar prosperity and monetary stability. And it was not the cooperative, disinterested, forward-looking endeavor that people often have in mind when they stress the need for a new Bretton Woods. The Bretton Woods system didn’t work the way it was supposed to. It was effective for only a brief period, and then not for the reason its authors had envisaged. It was not until 1961, fifteen years after the IMF was inaugurated, that the first nine European countries formally adopted the required provisions that their currencies be convertible into dollars. Even then, Bretton Woods was an ineffective and crisis-prone monetary system. It began experiencing potentially fatal difficulties as early as the late 1950s, and was only kept alive by a series of political fixes that made little long-term, macroeconomic sense. It could never have survived the globalization of finance and the removal of capital controls that began to take place in the 1970s. Indeed, it can be argued that the system was doomed the moment that it came into existence, and that the Bretton Woods agreements contained fatal flaws that could only lead to the abandon of gold convertibility. Not only was Bretton Woods a crisis-prone, unstable system: it was also a bad deal for Great Britain and, one could argue, for the United States and for the world as well. What Britain actually needed in 1944-45 was short-term financing at reasonable cost with few geopolitical strings attached, and possibly a lower exchange rate. There was evident hubris in the attempt to design a global monetary system, to be managed by an international body, at a time when the outcome of the war was not yet clear. Keynes and White’s ambition was to create “a New Deal for a new world,” but they lacked the political legitimacy and also the effective means to achieve such a grand plan. Another course of action was possible for the United Kingdom, one suggested by a British Treasury official after the facts: postpone the “Grand Design” negotiations, avoid irreversible decisions, try to buy time until you see how the new postwar world develops, and borrow your way out of the crisis by getting a commercial loan from Wall Street. Who at Bretton Woods would have thought that the British empire would unravel, the United States and the Soviet Union turn into arch-enemies, and the world divide into hostile camps just two years after the conference? There was no necessity to conclude Bretton Woods in a haste. Waiting for the San Francisco conference to address the issue of money and finance jointly with the creation of the United Nations would have made the postwar institutional framework more coherent. The world would have avoided the dichotomy between the Bretton Woods institutions in Washington and the United Nations in New York, in which both seem to live on completely different planes. So are there practical lessons from Bretton Woods for statesmen and diplomats hosting international meetings, such as the Paris Conference on Climate Change that will take place in end-November and December 2015? First, as the previous attempt to tackle climate change at Copenhagen taught us, the summit itself is not the place where comprehensive negotiations should take place. Most items on the agenda should be solved beforehand, in preparatory meetings among experts or in a pre-summit rehearsal such as the UN General Assembly in New York. Second, organizers should make sure they keep a bone for the leaders and national delegates to chew, one that is easy enough to grasp and with a clear payoff in terms of national interest, such as the quota issue at Bretton Woods. Managing expectations and egos will always be a tricky issue, but one that diplomats are best equipped to handle. How to deal with the media is also a key issue, particularly in our age of instant communication and world broadcasting. Lastly, a modicum of modesty should be in order: the world is not going to be saved by international conferences, however successful they turn out to be. For Britain in 1944 and for the planet as a whole in 2015, buying time is always a sensible option.
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on September 10, 2015
A
Verified Purchase
active reader
Lowell, US
★★★★★ 3
History worth reading
Format: Kindle
Presents the history of the Bretton Woods conference, creation of the World Bank and the IMF and global and US politics surrounding the events. Discussion of Harry Dexter White, key US representative at Bretton Woods focuses on claims he was a Soviet spy beginning in the late 1930s and continuing through the conference and into the late 1940s; spends more time than necessary on this even though it is not clear how this affected the outcome of the conference. Most of the discussion of Keynes is on his reputation rather than his economics. Not the definitive history of Bretton Woods.
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on July 10, 2013
J
Verified Purchase
John Hemphill
Lowell, US
★★★★★ 4
Foes at the Top Table
Format: Kindle
Those of us who studied economics in the 60s grew up on Keynes. This book provides a fascinating picture of the great man in action. And an equally fascinating picture of the Lend Lease negotiations and then the US hard line at Bretton Woods. Behind this hard line was Harry Woods, of Lithuanian emigre stock, who clawed his way by hard work and intelligence to negotiating prominence in the US Treasury. And who was a Soviet agent of influence. Well written, lucid, and remarkably interesting.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 19, 2013
M
Verified Purchase
Manuel Hinds
Lowell, US
★★★★★ 5
A distant mirror of our current problems
Format: Hardcover
The title of this excellent book accurately describes its contents:it is about a battle fought to define a new world order, that which was emerging from the ashes of World War II. The book also conveys the messy complexity of such a historical process--how individual characters interpreted the events around them, realized that they were giving shape to a radically new future, tried to take advantage of them to advance their own personal and national interests, and succeeded in accordance with their intelligence, the cunning of their argumentation, and, above all, the shifts in the real power that supported them. Masterly, Benn Steil makes the reader feel how Keynes and White gradually reached an unspoken and unrecognized agreement regarding the shape that the new world would have, and then fought to gain advantage in that new world--Keynes trying to keep the British Empire paramount in the world order, now based not on the Royal Navy but on Britain's alliance with the United States, the emerging superpower, and White asserting the unimpeded power of the United States. Focusing on one crucial aspect of the new order, money, Steil is able to reenact the human drama of the transfer of world power from Britain to the United States in all orders of life. It is an excellent history book. The book, however, goes beyond history as the narration and understanding of past events. When reading it, there is an eerie feeling that you are reading about current events. The process that led to Bretton Woods started thirty years before, with World War I and the end of the classical gold standard. When the war ended, a new monetary system was created, which was called the gold exchange standard. It resembled but emasculated the power of the old gold standard to keep monetary order in the world at large. This new system gave central banks the power to create money independently of the international consequences of doing it. With time, central banks abused this power, created a boom in the 1920s and then a depression in the 1930s. Bretton Woods was convened to reintroduce order in the monetary world. Like the gold standard of old, the new system created there was tied to gold in an effort to ensure stability. Yet, it also allowed central banks freedom to create money under certain circumstances. As it happened in the 1920s and 1930s, central banks abused their power, blew up the international system (in this case the Bretton Woods system) and then led the world into a series of booms and busts that has not ended as yet. A new monetary order will be needed to avoid worldwide inflation and protracted recessions. To understand the issues that will be crucial to give shape to this new monetary order it will be necessary to revisit the making of Bretton Woods in detail. There is no better way to understand these issues that Ben Steil's The Battle of Bretton Woods. Thus, in addition to being an excellent history book, it is also an excellent book about current events. Full disclosure: I wrote a previous book with Benn Steil: Money, Markets and Sovereignty (Yale University Press, 2009).
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Reviewed in the United States on May 28, 2013

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